Waste management and recycling in oil palm cultivation

Waste management and recycling in oil palm cultivationIn a typical palm plantation, almost 70% of the fresh fruit bunches are turned into wastes in the form of empty fruit bunches, fibres and shells, as well as liquid effluent. Until recently, most of the wastes from palm oil mills were either burnt in the open or thrown away in waste ponds or open areas. This contributed enormously to global climate change by emitting carbon dioxide and methane. This chapter reviews the technological advancements which

Can the use of children as soldiers be effectively regulated at an international level

in the third quarter of the 15th century

and literary monographs

An insider’s view of the development of the UK nuclear deterrent which suggests that an aversion to the moral issues associated with civilian casualties has led to an enduring Government reticence on nuclear deterrence policy

including the fall of the Berlin wall and the end of the Soviet Empire

The volume’s two-fold approach

unconventional social arrangements and shared intimacies between performer and audience

can also compete in the rhizosphere for space and nutrients while it can also protect plants by activating systemic immune responses that result in a faster and stronger induction of plant basal resistance mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses

analysing policies within the longer history of both the UK and the EU and the experiences of British

With this valuable context

to memories of the civil war

valuable fibre content